Historic Indus valley land: Sindh Part II
Before I start here, I feel this is my most obligatory duty to pay homage to ever inspiring memories of my parents Dadanbai & Dr. Premchand Manghirmalani, as whatever you are going to read are the memories of both of them, which I am trying to present with addition of some of recent facts.
Historic rulers & Political Status
On the political fronts life of land of Sind was started with the Vedic life style. Brahmanism and Buddhism also found this land for flourishing. Raja Dahar was the last Hindu King of Sind. This land in the Indus valley also witness ruling by the Somara Dynasty, almost for 200 years, Samma rulers for almost 100 years. Though Humayun visited Sind during the reign of Samma rulers but Mugul rule started only with the Emperor Akbar and lasted till the time of Nadir shah and before the British rule Sind was under the governing of Talpur Mirs. After the Independence in 1947 Sind become part of newly formed country Pakistan and presently is the second largest provision with Karachi being the capital city. It is a historic fact that Islam was propagated on the land of Sind under the influence of powers of sword [for details visit “Sindhi Deity Jhulelal” in the Sindhyat section of www.thesindhuworld.com] and Hindus were saved by Lord Jhulelal. If we go back to Vedic era, the north region of India, Pakistan and east Afghanistan were referred as the Sapta Sindhu in the Rig-Veda. For the travelers from Arab and Persia this sub continent was composed of two countries Hind [entire ancient India] and Sind [part of present Pakistan] in fact the names Hind and Hindu have origin with Sind and Sindhu.
Till the time of King Jayadarth [Mahabharat era] inhabiting population of Sind being called as Sindhi, was mainly of the follower of Vedic [Hindu] religious life style. As the land went under rule of various dynasties with different religious faiths hence the indigenous population was affected from the disciples of that religious faith. There was an infiltration of migrated population of Rajputs [Yadav & Parwar], Jatts, Baluchi, Arabs, Persians, Turk & Mugals and most of them got accustomed with social life of Sindhi, this might be the reason for the recognition of Shah Abdul Latif as one of greatest sindhi poet. It was time of rule by Mohamad Bin Qasim and period after that Islam also become a dominating factor in the religious world of Sind and as a fact in the present times in the Pakistan there is population of Sindhi Muslims also along with Sindhi Hindus, where as in rest of entire world most of the Sindhi population is of Sindhi Hindus. During the times of Sikh Guru, Dhan Sri Guru Nanak Dev sahib Sindhis were highly influenced with the religious thinking and ideology of Guru Sahib, might the resemblance with Hindu life style was the reason for that because it is a historic fact that in those times Islam was under propagation in Sind under the shadows of sword. The natural result is that though present Sindhi are looking at Lal Sain Uderolal [Jhulelal] as their deity but still recitation of Gurbani is the part of daily life for many Sindhi families and Guru Nanak Jayanti is among the most celebrated religious Sindhi festivals. After the partition in the year 1947 Sindhis along with Punjabis have been forced to migrate to India as situations at that time were not suggesting for being favorable for a future religious freedom in that part globe, though a considerable population of Sindhis was forced to stay there only due to the fact that historically sindhi cultural have roots with the river Sindhu. Barring a selective chunk who is still Hindu, majority of this Sindhi population has adopted Islam. In the religious world of migrated Sindhi, settled in India and other parts of the globe some Hindu based religious panths like Prem Prakash Mandal, Sant Mirankari Mission, Radhaswami started to be religious faith for considerable Sindhi population [For details visit Religious faiths at www.thesindhuworld.com ] .
Sindhi Language
Sindhi language is one among the Indo-European language which has a close resemblance with Arabi in script of writing [with 52 alphabets, written from right to left] and Sanskrit, Urdu and Hindi in spoken styles. After the independence from the British rule, especially in India there is a dispute over the script of Sindhi language as the interim at present for Sindhi language Arabic and Devnagiri scripts are used. Sindhi speaking population can be observed through out the world though the majority of population is with Sind [Pakistan], Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and the Union Territory of Delhi [India], Hong Kong, Japan, the Gulf countries [Asia region] beside that various cities in America, Australia, UK and South Africa also have considerable population of Sindhi speakers. Common spoken Sindhi is “Vicholi” dialect; other five dominating dialects of spoken Sindhi language are Siraiki, Lari, Lasi, Thari or Thareli and Kachhi. Leave apart the religious faith but this is fact that including the Sindhi Muslims almost 80% of population is Sind is of Sindhi speakers and this is an interesting fact that after independence till 1972 official language of Sind was not the Sindhi but Urdu which was spoken by population less than 10% of total population. Sindhis of Sind Pakistan, who at the time of independence opted for joining Pakistan, are feeling cheated and most worried by the dominating status and preference given to immigrant Urdu speaking Muslims being called as Muhajir and probably these are reasons for the movements like “Jiye Sind”. According to reports of World Sindhi Congress, Sindhi students are finding hard to get admission in Karachi University, which was among the major Sindhi educational institutions in the pre independence era.
Before I start here, I feel this is my most obligatory duty to pay homage to ever inspiring memories of my parents Dadanbai & Dr. Premchand Manghirmalani, as whatever you are going to read are the memories of both of them, which I am trying to present with addition of some of recent facts.
Historic rulers & Political Status
On the political fronts life of land of Sind was started with the Vedic life style. Brahmanism and Buddhism also found this land for flourishing. Raja Dahar was the last Hindu King of Sind. This land in the Indus valley also witness ruling by the Somara Dynasty, almost for 200 years, Samma rulers for almost 100 years. Though Humayun visited Sind during the reign of Samma rulers but Mugul rule started only with the Emperor Akbar and lasted till the time of Nadir shah and before the British rule Sind was under the governing of Talpur Mirs. After the Independence in 1947 Sind become part of newly formed country Pakistan and presently is the second largest provision with Karachi being the capital city. It is a historic fact that Islam was propagated on the land of Sind under the influence of powers of sword [for details visit “Sindhi Deity Jhulelal” in the Sindhyat section of www.thesindhuworld.com] and Hindus were saved by Lord Jhulelal. If we go back to Vedic era, the north region of India, Pakistan and east Afghanistan were referred as the Sapta Sindhu in the Rig-Veda. For the travelers from Arab and Persia this sub continent was composed of two countries Hind [entire ancient India] and Sind [part of present Pakistan] in fact the names Hind and Hindu have origin with Sind and Sindhu.
Till the time of King Jayadarth [Mahabharat era] inhabiting population of Sind being called as Sindhi, was mainly of the follower of Vedic [Hindu] religious life style. As the land went under rule of various dynasties with different religious faiths hence the indigenous population was affected from the disciples of that religious faith. There was an infiltration of migrated population of Rajputs [Yadav & Parwar], Jatts, Baluchi, Arabs, Persians, Turk & Mugals and most of them got accustomed with social life of Sindhi, this might be the reason for the recognition of Shah Abdul Latif as one of greatest sindhi poet. It was time of rule by Mohamad Bin Qasim and period after that Islam also become a dominating factor in the religious world of Sind and as a fact in the present times in the Pakistan there is population of Sindhi Muslims also along with Sindhi Hindus, where as in rest of entire world most of the Sindhi population is of Sindhi Hindus. During the times of Sikh Guru, Dhan Sri Guru Nanak Dev sahib Sindhis were highly influenced with the religious thinking and ideology of Guru Sahib, might the resemblance with Hindu life style was the reason for that because it is a historic fact that in those times Islam was under propagation in Sind under the shadows of sword. The natural result is that though present Sindhi are looking at Lal Sain Uderolal [Jhulelal] as their deity but still recitation of Gurbani is the part of daily life for many Sindhi families and Guru Nanak Jayanti is among the most celebrated religious Sindhi festivals. After the partition in the year 1947 Sindhis along with Punjabis have been forced to migrate to India as situations at that time were not suggesting for being favorable for a future religious freedom in that part globe, though a considerable population of Sindhis was forced to stay there only due to the fact that historically sindhi cultural have roots with the river Sindhu. Barring a selective chunk who is still Hindu, majority of this Sindhi population has adopted Islam. In the religious world of migrated Sindhi, settled in India and other parts of the globe some Hindu based religious panths like Prem Prakash Mandal, Sant Mirankari Mission, Radhaswami started to be religious faith for considerable Sindhi population [For details visit Religious faiths at www.thesindhuworld.com ] .
Sindhi Language
Sindhi language is one among the Indo-European language which has a close resemblance with Arabi in script of writing [with 52 alphabets, written from right to left] and Sanskrit, Urdu and Hindi in spoken styles. After the independence from the British rule, especially in India there is a dispute over the script of Sindhi language as the interim at present for Sindhi language Arabic and Devnagiri scripts are used. Sindhi speaking population can be observed through out the world though the majority of population is with Sind [Pakistan], Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and the Union Territory of Delhi [India], Hong Kong, Japan, the Gulf countries [Asia region] beside that various cities in America, Australia, UK and South Africa also have considerable population of Sindhi speakers. Common spoken Sindhi is “Vicholi” dialect; other five dominating dialects of spoken Sindhi language are Siraiki, Lari, Lasi, Thari or Thareli and Kachhi. Leave apart the religious faith but this is fact that including the Sindhi Muslims almost 80% of population is Sind is of Sindhi speakers and this is an interesting fact that after independence till 1972 official language of Sind was not the Sindhi but Urdu which was spoken by population less than 10% of total population. Sindhis of Sind Pakistan, who at the time of independence opted for joining Pakistan, are feeling cheated and most worried by the dominating status and preference given to immigrant Urdu speaking Muslims being called as Muhajir and probably these are reasons for the movements like “Jiye Sind”. According to reports of World Sindhi Congress, Sindhi students are finding hard to get admission in Karachi University, which was among the major Sindhi educational institutions in the pre independence era.
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