Historic Indus valley land: Sind

Historic Indus valley land: Sind
Before I start here, I feel this is my most obligatory duty to pay homage to ever inspiring memories of my parents Dadanbai & Dr. Premchand Manghirmalani, as whatever you are going to read are the memories of both of them, which I am trying to present with addition of some of recent facts.
Geography and Statics
This was the Indus River commonly known as the river Sindhu [in the Sanskrit language Sindhu Means Ocean] which works for the fertility of this land and well being of native on its banks. In fact the this land derives name Sind from the river Sindhu, the name mentioned in world’s oldest knowledge books Vedas, more times even the holly river Ganga. Area wise Sind is larger than England in the lower Indus basin with Arabian sea Indian ocean in south, Plains of Punjab in north, desert extended to merge with Thar desert of Rajasthan in east and Khirtar mountain range in the west. The human population was in the proximity of 5 millions [at present about 50 millions].
The river Sindhu covers a length of almost 3000 kilometers and all most one third of it is in the Sind. This was common saying that this land is Gift of river Sindhu to human beings another such gift of nature is the Egypt of river Nile. Less rains and hot climatic conditions, average temperature above 30 degree Celsius with world’s hottest city Jacobabad being part of Sind, river Sindhu was working as the life line for the citizen. Among the major cities Dadu, Hyderabad, Mirpurkhas, Larkana, Nawabshah, Tando Adam, shikarpur etc. of the sind, Hyderabad was the city with a some what pleasant climate and cool breezes while the Jacobabad and Sevahan were the among the hottest places of the region. [According to records of meteorological reports in the year 1919 mercury went to touch 52 degree Celsius at Jacobabad].
Economy
Sind was an agro based economy. The main crops were the Rice, wheat, cotton and sugar cane but rice was cultivated in abundance and Larkana was famous for its very fine quality rice crops though Dadu and Thata were not legging for behind in the cultivation of rice crops. Cotton was the main crop of Hyderabad and Nawabshah, and production of cotton has included sind on the world map of textile industry. Sugar can was cultivated in the southern parts. Sind was also producing good quality fruits like the Mango and Banana. Rice Mill was the main industry in the Larkana and Dadu districts.
Beside the agricultural and textile people of Sind were also earning very handsomely from their skills of pottery, leather work and art of weaving of carpets. Specific and very unique way of polishing the ornaments also brought considerable praise for the natives of Sind besides adding to their physical wealth. Mahoan-jo-daro have very distinctive illustration that native of Sind were well versed with these artistic works since the ancient times at least in the pottery.
[ Still to come Part II]